A to Z · 1055 Terms

Real estate & finance, demystified.

The jargon can be exhausting. Here’s a plain-English glossary covering real estate, lending, investment, and the business-finance ecosystem that surrounds them.

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Multifamily Operations

Physical Vacancy

The percentage of units actually unoccupied at a point in time.

Multifamily Operations

Pro Forma Variance

Difference between projected and actual operating metrics in multifamily.

Multifamily Operations

Renovation Premium

The rent uplift achievable on a unit after renovating to market standards.

Multifamily Operations

Resident Retention

The rate at which existing tenants renew leases — a key operational metric.

Multifamily Operations

RUBS

Ratio Utility Billing System — allocating utility costs to tenants based on a formula.

Multifamily Operations

Sub-Metering

Individual unit metering for utilities, allowing direct tenant billing.

Multifamily Operations

Submarket

A geographic sub-area within a larger market, often used in multifamily comparables.

Multifamily Operations

T-12

Trailing 12 months of property financials — the standard underwriting document.

Multifamily Operations

T-3 Annualized

Three trailing months annualized — useful when a value-add property’s recent performance differs from T-12.

Multifamily Operations

Trailing Twelve Operating Expenses (T-12 OpEx)

Last 12 months of property expenses, used to underwrite multifamily acquisitions.

Mortgage Securitization

Yield Maintenance

A CMBS prepayment penalty making the lender whole on lost interest.

Multifamily Operations

Bad Debt

Rent that cannot be collected, written off as a loss.